This is a blog about my teaching, research and service with some occasional personal comments thrown in. These are my notes on a variety of topics. If you want to follow my blog posts on a specific topic, then see the Table of Contents in the right-hand column. While I try to work in the realm of facts, logic and moral absolutes, if there are any opinions expressed here, they are my own. -WilliamHartPhD
"Published Aug 31, 2008 - Two American travelers reveal the hidden sub-cultures in the Muslim World of the Middle East and North Africa. Looking behind the veil, our guests are an American Muslim who spent a year on her own getting acquainted with the region and a gay travel writer who was surprised by what he encountered in Afghanistan and Iraq. For more information on Travel with Rick Steves - including episode descriptions, program archives and related details - visit www.ricksteves.com."
To see what other games I'm currently playing for research purposes (and fun), check out my Now Playing page on Gamespot or the current activity on my Raptr wall.
If you'd like to know about my videogame research, let me know. I do research on adaptation games (i.e., games adapted from novels or films) and mystery/detective games. I'm working on my own detective game now.
Time Card: 4/21/2013 - 4/27/2013 53 hours this past week. Mostly teaching and service here toward the end of the semester. A little time for research. Family time? Personal time? Previous weeks of this semester. Below is a record of the work that I've done over this past week, mainly in the areas of research, teaching and service. I usually average about 50 to 55 hours per week. Unlike the summer, most of my time during the fall and spring semesters is spent on teaching and service. If you are interested in how I keep track of this information and why, please let me know.
To see what other games I'm currently playing for research purposes (and fun), check out my Now Playing page on Gamespot or the current activity on my Raptr wall.
If you'd like to know about my videogame research, let me know. I do research on adaptation games (i.e., games adapted from novels or films) and mystery/detective games. I'm working on my own detective game now.
To see what other games I'm currently playing for research purposes (and fun), check out my Now Playing page on Gamespot or the current activity on my Raptr wall.
If you'd like to know about my videogame research, let me know. I do research on adaptation games (i.e., games adapted from novels or films) and mystery/detective games. I'm working on my own detective game now.
To see what other games I'm currently playing for research purposes (and fun), check out my Now Playing page on Gamespot or the current activity on my Raptr wall.
If you'd like to know about my videogame research, let me know. I do research on adaptation games (i.e., games adapted from novels or films) and mystery/detective games. I'm working on my own detective game now.
To see what other games I'm currently playing for research purposes (and fun), check out my Now Playing page on Gamespot or the current activity on my Raptr wall.
If you'd like to know about my videogame research, let me know. I do research on adaptation games (i.e., games adapted from novels or films) and mystery/detective games. I'm working on my own detective game now.
Description: "http://www.facebook.com/throughalensdarkly Through a Lens Darkly: Black Photographers and the Emergence of a People is a two-hour PBS documentary film and multimedia project that explores the ways black communities have learned to use the medium of photography to construct political, aesthetic and cultural representations of themselves and their world."
Description: ""When you're a journalist and news breaks, sometimes you just gotta do what you gotta do. Take, for example, Chinese TV reporter Chen Ying, who covered the deadly earthquake that jolted China's Sichuan province this week while wearing her wedding dress."* Chinese reporter Chen Ying was getting ready for her wedding when an earthquake hit. She ran off to cover it...still wearing her wedding dress. Is this the beginning of a huge career for her? Cnek Uygur and Ana Kasparian discuss. *Read more: http://newsfeed.time.com/2013/04/22/chinese-journalist-reports-on-earthquake-wearing-her-wedding-dress/#ixzz2RGRVb000 Support The Young Turks by Subscribing http://www.youtube.com/user/theyoungturks Like Us on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/tytnation Follow Us on Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/theyoungturks Support TYT for FREE by doing your Amazon shopping through this link (bookmark it!) http://www.amazon.com/?tag=theyoungturks-20 Buy TYT Merch: http://theyoungturks.spreadshirt.com/ Support The Young Turks by becoming a member of TYT Nation at http://www.tytnetwork.com. Your membership supports the day to day operations and is vital for our continued success and growth. In exchange, we provided members only bonuses! We tape a special Post Game show Mon-Thurs and you get access to the entire live show at your convenience in video, audio and podcast formats."
We've discussed previously experiments and surveys as research methods. Here's a third research method, a third way to answer some research questions.
In experiments you study subjects. In surveys you study respondents. What do you study in textual analysis?
What is textual analysis?
“A research method that uses measurement techniques to classify and evaluate the characteristics of spoken, written, artistic, and electronic documents”(FBFK).
What are the various types of texts analyzed in textual analysis? What is a text?
Written --letters, diaries, transcriptions, books, tweets, newspaper articles, etc.
Audio -- conversations, lyrics, etc.
Visual -- paintings, photographs, architecture, etc.
Broadcasts -- film scripts, news casts, etc.
Texts are the communication media which carry meaning.
Question: What is not a text?
Two important types of textual analysis: rhetorical criticism and content analysis relevant to mass media.
Steps in using this method…
1. Select text(s)
2. Unit of Analysis… e.g., words
3. Categories… put into nominal categories
4. Coding … analyze text
5. Summarize
A survey usually begins with some demographic questions or "items". Since there are sometimes no questions marks, it would be best to refer to them as items.
Demographics questions/items:
“survey questions that inquire about respondents’ personal characteristics, such as name, age, gender, education”(FBFK).
What demographic questions do you ask?
Only ask demographics that will help you interpret results. Careful with long surveys. Why?
Once you are finished with your demographic questions, next you need to ask questions that help you answer your specific research question(s). You need to ask questions that measure your independent and dependent variables.
What are the general types of questions (or “items”) that can appear on a survey?
With a survey you are usually measuring what a respondent knows, their likes or dislikes or some aspect of their past behaviors.
If you were writing a survey on social media use, what would be some examples questions/items you may put on your survey? Knowledge? Attitude? Behavior?
Do you just have your respondents choose among some predetermined choices or do you leave them some space to respond in whatever why they choose? Put another way, what are close-ended and open-ended survey questions?
Closed-ended items
Scales-- e.g., Likert scale
Use stats to analyze responses to each item and stats to summarize findings
Open-ended items
Words-- Transcribe responses and use textual analysis to summarize findings
Once you have finished a draft of your survey questions, you'll need to go back and proof-read. As you are checking spelling and grammar, also keep the following in mind.
What are some tips on wording survey items?
Keep items short.
Avoid loading or leading questions.
“Don’t you think rich professors should be denied a pay raise?”
Description: "VIew full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/illuminating-photography-eva-timothy The origins of the cameras we use today were invented in the 19th century. Or were they? A millenia before, Arab scientist Alhazen was using the camera obscura to duplicate images, with Leonardo da Vinci following suit 500 years later and major innovations beginning in the 19th century. Eva Timothy tracks the trajectory from the most rudimentary cameras to the ubiquity of them today. Lesson by Eva Timothy, animation by London Squared Productions."
Time Card: 4/14/2013 - 4/20/2013 57 hours this past week. Busy with teaching, research & service. Previous weeks of this semester.
Below is a record of the work that I've done over this past week, mainly in the areas of research, teaching and service. I usually average about 50 to 55 hours per week. Unlike the summer, most of my time during the fall and spring semesters is spent on teaching and service. If you are interested in how I keep track of this information and why, please let me know.
To see what other games I'm currently playing for research purposes (and fun), check out my Now Playing page on Gamespot or the current activity on my Raptr wall.
If you'd like to know about my videogame research, let me know. I do research on adaptation games (i.e., games adapted from novels or films) and mystery/detective games. I'm working on my own detective game now.
To see what other games I'm currently playing for research purposes (and fun), check out my Now Playing page on Gamespot or the current activity on my Raptr wall.
If you'd like to know about my videogame research, let me know. I do research on adaptation games (i.e., games adapted from novels or films) and mystery/detective games. I'm working on my own detective game now.
To see what other games I'm currently playing for research purposes (and fun), check out my Now Playing page on Gamespot or the current activity on my Raptr wall.
If you'd like to know about my videogame research, let me know. I do research on adaptation games (i.e., games adapted from novels or films) and mystery/detective games. I'm working on my own detective game now.
Description: "Almost 90% of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) students report being verbally harassed at school because of their sexual orientation. LGBT teens experience homophobic remarks and harassment throughout the school day, creating an atmosphere where they feel disrespected, unwanted and unsafe. Homophobic remarks such as thats so gay are the most commonly heard; these slurs are often unintentional and a common part of teens vernacular. Most do not recognize the consequences, but the casual use of this language often carries over into more overt harassment. This campaign aims to raise awareness about the prevalence and consequences of anti-LGBT bias and behavior in Americas schools. Ultimately, the goal is to reduce and prevent the use of homophobic language in an effort to create a more positive environment for LGBT teens. The campaign also aims to reach adults, including school personnel and parents; their support of this message is crucial to the success of efforts to change behavior."
Time Card: 4/7/2013 - 4/132013
47 hours this past week. Previous weeks of this semester. Below is a record of the work that I've done over this past week, mainly in the areas of research, teaching and service. I usually average about 50 to 55 hours per week. Unlike the summer, most of my time during the fall and spring semesters is spent on teaching and service. If you are interested in how I keep track of this information and why, please let me know.
So, dehumanization of the enemy was done in the past all over the world. Does it still happen in the 21st century? That's the question that my co-author and I asked in our study of editorial cartoons of bin Laden and the Taliban after the events of 9/11.
The study began with the observation of the way that President Bush talked about the enemy and how editorial cartoonists subsequently depicted the Taliban and bin Laden.
In short, our study found that people (U.S. leaders and editorial cartoonist, in this case) continued to use the dehumanizing visual metaphors identified by Keen -- enemy-as-animal, enemy-as-barbarian, enemy-as-criminal, etc.
We closed our book chapter with the following important note.
Does this process of dehumanization continue?
President Jimmy Carter interview from April 9, 2013. Korea = "Axis of Evil"?
Why is it that during times of war people see the enemy of as animals, as monsters, as barbarians, as devil or death? Put differently, why do people dehumanize the enemy? What purpose does it serve?
Social psychologist Sam Keen offers some answers in his book and a doc based on the book. Here's the beginning of the doc. I'd encourage you to see the rest.
How do we dehumanize? Why do we dehumanize? Why do we make the enemy less than human?
According to Keen, there are a dozen or so common ways that the enemy is seen.
Enemy-as-Animal,
Enemy-as-Barbarian,
Enemy-as-Death,
Enemy-as-Enemy-of-God,
Enemy-as-Criminal,
Enemy-as-All-the-Same
etc.
Keen argues that the enemy is dehumanized because it justifies the killing of the enemy. If the enemy is not a civilized human like us, then, according to Keen, the guilt associated with killing then enemy is greatly lessened and killing is easier.
During World War II the Nazis dehumanized Jewish people. Notice the dehumanization of Jewish people in the Nazi propaganda film called the "Eternal Jews". Watch at least the first five minutes of the film. What was the purpose of this dehumanization of Jewish people?
Just in a 5 minute clip from about 13:45 to 18:37, what dehumanizing metaphors are used?
If you are interested, for more a detailed study of the dehumanizing metaphors used in The Eternal Jew, see:
Hassencahl F. & Hart, W. B. (March, 2013).A fantasy-theme analysis of Der Ewige Jude(The Eternal Jew): From WWII Nazi propaganda to YouTube today.A paper presented at the national Popular Culture Association convention, Washington, DC.
Note: See in relationship between dehumanizing an enemy in war time andracism?
Spot any dehumanization in the following U.S. training film from World War II?
The following is a 1945 World War II propaganda film released by the U.S. War Department entitled "Know Your Enemy: Japan" Who watched this film? What was the purpose of the film?
Even Dr. Seuss took part in the propaganda effort. See the presentation "Dr. Seuss Goes to War:The World War II Editorial Cartons of Theodor Seuss Geisel" (see specifically 35:00-44:00).
A research method in which respondents representing a specific population are asked questions concerning their knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors (based on FBFK).
What are the general steps in constructing and giving a survey?
Identify the purpose of the survey
What is the ultimate purpose of a survey in a research study?
Determine who to ask and what to ask.
Write survey
Give survey
Let participants know if there are any risks.
Let participants know their rights.
Right to not participate, to stop participating, etc.
Thank the participants.
Tally results
Report results
What information should be included on a survey (excluding survey questions)?
Title: A Study of Social Media Use by College Students
Who: Dr. Hart, Department of Mass Communications & Journalism
Where: Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA
Any Questions: Send to Dr. Hart
Statement of Purpose:
This study seeks your opinion about methods courses for a research study. Your responses are anonymous. Thank You.
Rights: In addition, if for whatever reason you do not feel comfortable responding to any or all items, please leave it(them) blank.
Based on name alone, which do you think is the worst form of experimental design? Why?
The diagrams in these slides explain how to do the different types of experimental designs.
Read these slides from left to right, starting with the random assignment of subjects into the treatment and control groups. For each design, what are the steps after the random assignment? That is, how do you do these types of experiments?
So, Post-test ONLY Control is a good design, but there is a problem. Are we sure that the IV caused a change in the DV? How would a pre-test help?
Again, this is a good experimental design. However, there is a potential problem with this too. Before the pre-test helped. Now, the pre-test could be a problem. How's it a problem?
How does the Solomon Four Group design help control for the possible influence of the pre-test?
The above designs are sub-types of full experiments with one independent variable.
However, what if you wanted to have more than on IV in your study? How would you design an experiment for that?
Now, let's wrap up with a look at the "worst" designs.
If these are the "worst" designs why we talking about them? When would you use them? Better than nothin'?
Which is better a quasi-experimental design or a pre-experimental design? Why? What standard are you using to judge whether one is "better" than another?
Speaking of experiments, catch the film reference in the last slide?
Description: "Dr. Deborah Willis discusses the unique contribution of Gordon Parks to American visual arts and culture. A much sought-after scholar and author, Willis sits on the Gordon Parks Foundation Advisory Board and contributed an essay to the landmark five-volume 2012 publication on Parks by the noted German publisher Steidl. Dr. Willis is chair of the Department of Photography and Imaging at the Tisch School of the Arts at New York University, a 2005 Guggenheim Foundation Fellow, and a 2000 MacArthur Foundation “Genius” Award recipient. Dr. Willis spoke on Thursday, October 25, 2012, in the Campus Activities Center Theater on the Wichita State University campus."
Somebody who edits photos is a photo doctor. A photo doctor diagnoses a photo and then prescribes a treatment for a photo disease.
For example, diagnose the photo to the right. What's the problem with it? What photo disease does it have?
It is underexposed. Is that your diagnosis? In your favorite photo editing software, how would you treat that disease? A medical doctor uses a variety of tools to treat medical problems (e.g., a scalpel). As a photo doctor, what tools would you use?
As you begin your internship as a new photo doctor, I'd suggest you start with a small set of "diseases" that you can diagnose (recognize) and treat (fix) and a small set of tools to learn how to use. As you progress as a photo doctor, become an expert in treating more diseases and learn how to use additional tools.
I'd suggest you start with a set of photo diseases like below and learn the 2-5 general steps that are usually needed to treat the disease.
For steps on how to treat the photo disease listed above and many more, see Digital Photo Doctor. The book takes a similar metaphorical approach. Check out the book. You should be able to get it for $5 or less.
Of course, you could also do a YouTube search for helpful photo editing tutorials that deal with the disease you want to treat.
As a beginning photo doctor, you should also start learning how to use a small set of of photo editing tools and techniques. Here are some basic photo doctor tools and techniques that you'd need to treat the previously listed photo diseases.
When learning how to treat the diseases and how to use the tools, I'd recommend that you learn how to use the tools at a general level so that you can move from one photo editing software to another. Don't get to caught up in the key-strokes used in specific software (e.g., press Shft+Ctrl+U to desaturate in Photoshop).
Speaking of photo editing software, I'd recommend GIMP, a free photo editing software package that you download to your computer (see info video). I'd also recommend Pixlr.com, a free, powerful, photo-editing site that allows you to edit photos right within your browser. Go to Pixlr.com right now and try some the things discussed above.
Cosmetic Photo Surgery
The above discussion may leave the impression that the only thing you can do with photo editing tools is fix or treat photo diseases or problems (e.g., underexposure). However, photo editing tools are not just used to treat a disease, but can also be used to “beautify” or modify the photo You could think of this a cosmetic photo surgery. You are not really fixing a problem with the photo, you are adding to it.
You could turn a color photo to black and white and then colorize only one item in the photo.
You could add unusual content to the photo (ghosts, UFOs, etc.).
"Published Aug 31, 2008 - Two American travelers reveal the hidden sub-cultures in the Muslim World of the Middle East and North Africa. Looking behind the veil, our guests are an American Muslim who spent a year on her own getting acquainted with the region and a gay travel writer who was surprised by what he encountered in Afghanistan and Iraq. For more information on Travel with Rick Steves - including episode descriptions, program archives and related details - visit www.ricksteves.com."
(pp. 137-155). Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.
by Sam Keen
