According to Fortner, any international communication activity has the following characteristics. Think of an international communication activity (e.g., a U.S. film shown in China). Does it have these characteristics?
- Intentionality
- intentional - e.g., Voice of America (listen now)
- unintentional - e.g., radio "spillover"
- Channels
- public - e.g., TV or radio broadcast
- private - e.g., encrypted Internet message
- Distributive Technologies
- How is it distributed? Radio/TV waves, cables/wires, film/cassettes, CDs, Internet, etc.
- Content Form
- entertainment
- news
- information/data
- Cultural Consequences
- Dominant countries impose cultural values on other countries?
- e.g., MTV stations in Asia? The results of MTV in Asia?
- Political Nature
- "All [INC] is political in one way or another" (Fortner).
- Political = power/control
Twitter account associated with Iran's leader criticises France (The Daily Star :: Lebanon News, 2013 )
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