InterculturalCom: Effective Intercultural Com: Stereotypes and Ethnocentrism (W12-P4) Fa16

If you were looking for clip art for "Native Americans" and all that you found were images like the top two images above, would this be an example of stereotyping?  How?  Use the definition.   How does the bottom image break the stereotype?  What exactly is the stereotype?

How do you tear down this brick?

Ask me about "Zhong Guo."

Watch the following images.

What was your reaction to the images?  What does your reaction have to do with ethnocentrism?  Anything?

How do you "tear down" this brick?

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InterculturalCom: Effective Intercultural Com: Discrimination, Prejudice and Racism (W12-P3) Fa16

How do you tear down this brick?

How do you tear down this brick?

Note that there are two definitions of racism given here.

Notice any connection between racism and prejudice as previously defined?

Also, what is the differences among racism, prejudice and discrimination?  They are related terms, but they are not the same thing.

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InterculturalCom: Effective Intercultural Com: Intercultural Communication Model (W12-P2) Fa16

Recall the Intercultural Communication Model?

There is a brick wall between us and effective intercultural communication. 
What are the names of the bricks in this wall?  What specifically stops us from getting to effective intercultural communication?

---

Before moving on to anxiety and uncertainty (Brick #3), I should point out that we've already covered Bricks 1 and 2.

What are they?  What are thing we've already covered that lead to difficulty in intercultural situations?

They are difference in language (Brick #1) and differences in nonverbal communication (Brick #2).

Before moving to the next bricks, one last question: How do you tear down this part of the wall, how do you fix differences in language and nonverbal communication?

And now, anxiety and uncertainty.

How does uncertainty lead to anxiety?  Got an example?

How do you "tear down" these brick?   Which one would you fix first and once you fixed it would you have the second problem?

How do you "tear down" this brick?  How do you fix this possible problem?

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InterculturalCom: Effective Intercultural Communication (W12-P1) Fa16

In the past I called this lecture unit "Dealing with Difference." 
However, now I've switched to calling it "Effective Intercultural Communication."

See any reason why I changed it?  Does "Dealing with Difference" imply anything?  A negative connotation?

Whatever you call it, in intercultural situations, how do we deal with or become more effective?

One place to start is to have a clear sense of exactly what is causing an intercultural misunderstanding.  Is it a language thing?  Is it prejudice?  What exactly is causing the intercultural ineffectiveness?  If we understand where exactly the problem is, then we can move on to hopefully fixing the problem.  

---

However, before we look specifically at intercultural communication, let's address some basic skills that should be in all types of interpersonal communication.

Even before developing effective intercultural communication skills, we need to learn and practice the basic interpersonal skills below.  These are fundamental.

Some Basic Interpersonal Skills Helpful in ICC

Core Skills

• Positiveness: Expression of positive attitudes toward self and others.
• Other-Orientation: Attentiveness, interest, and concern for others.
• Empathy: Feeling as the other feels.

Meta Skills

• Mindfulness: Being consciously aware of the above skills and carefully monitoring them.
• Metacommunication: Being aware of what is happening in the communication. Being able to think and talk about the talk.

Now, with some basic interpersonal skills out of the way, let's return to intercultural communication.  To get a better understanding of intercultural communication effectiveness, it would be helpful to have a model that helps us spot where the potential problems that may arise in intercultural encounters.


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InterculturalCom: Cultural Identity and The Debut: Minority Identity Development (W9-P2) Fa16

The stages of minority identify development are illustrated well in the film, The Debut.

The stages are as below.

Note: Click on images to see a larger version.

Source: Intercultural Communication in Contexts by Martin and Nakayama

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InterculturalCom: Cultural Identity and The Debut (W9-P1) Fa16

The concepts of cultural identity and cultural identity development are illustrated well in the film, The Debut.

Besides helping us to understand cultural identity, the film also allows us to learn about some Filipino culture.

Here are some Filipino cultural literacy to learn from the film.

• Tagalog: a key language of the Philippines  
• Barkada: peer group
• Oo: yes
• Singkil: "the stick dance"

Collectivism/Individualism Through Dance 
See this video I posted on YouTube.  How does it relate to the film?


The above clip is from I'm Normal, You're Weird! Understanding Other Cultures. This was an excellent teaching resource.  I wish that it was released in some form on DVD.


The film also shows some Filipino values:

• Family/Group (Authority)
• Food
• Education/Success

Lastly the film gives a sense of the Filipino "Time Orientation," how time is used.



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InterculturalCom: Language & Culture: Linguistic Discrimination (W7-P4) [VID] Fa16

What is linguistic discrimination?

Let's start with some examples.  What is happening in these examples?

"HUD Fair Housing Public Service Announcement"



"Linguistic Discrimination in School: African American English"
Note: The audio is a little out of sync on this YouTube video, but the content is informative.



So, what is linguistic discrimination?

Linguistic discrimination (also called linguicism and languagism) is "the unfair treatment of an individual based solely on their use of language" (Wikipedia).




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InterculturalCom: Language & Culture: Cultural Literacy (W7-P3) [VID] Fa16

This is a clip that I edited and posted on YouTube. I use this clip in my Intercultural Communication course to introduce students to the idea of cultural literacy and the role it plays in intercultural communication. 





E.D. Hirsch: education scholar who proposed the idea of cultural literacy. The idea was first introduced in the book Cultural Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know.

Cultural Literacy: All U.S. American students should have a commonly shared set of knowledge.

Rationale: Better communication and thus better relations. 

• People w/o a shared cultural literacy have less effective communication. (Heterophily).
• People w/ a shared cultural literacy more effective, efficient communication. (Homophily)

Additional rationale: Many business leaders find young graduates lack good communication skills.


Examples of Things All Americans Should Know 

• 1492 
• 1776 
• Achilles
• Adam & Eve
• Adams, John
• Aesop's Fables
• Ahab, Captain
• Alamo
• Alcott, Louisa May
• Ali, Muhammad Allah
• Allen, Woody
• All roads lead to Rome

This is a somewhat representative sample of his list of 500+.


Video: Billy Joel - We Didn't Start the Fire - lyrics. 


You may also want to see the official music video for the song.

What does this have to do with intercultural communication?
Your task: You are in China and have to teach
An American Culture/English Language class. What would you do?



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InterculturalCom: Language & Culture: Beware of Idioms (W7-P2) Fa16

Beware of using idioms in intercultural settings.

An idiom is "a group of words whose meaning cannot be predicted from the meanings of the constituent words, as for example ( It was raining ) cats and dogs" or "kick the bucket or hang one's head." (Dictionary.com).  See additional information, plus examples here.  

“A traditional way of saying something. Often an idiom, such as 'under the weather,' does not seem to make sense if taken literally. Someone unfamiliar with English idioms would probably not understand that to be 'under the weather' is to be sick.” (American Heritage New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy)

Why would you want to be careful about using idioms in intercultural situations? 
Any connections between idioms and emblems?

Example of a Chinese idiom:  "Dui niu tan ching"
It literally means “Playing music for a cow.”
See image here.

If a wife told her husband that talking to him is like "dui niu tan ching," what is she really saying?
Does this translate into any American idioms?

If you are in an intercultural situation where idioms are used how can you figure out the meaning?

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InterculturalCom: Language & Culture: Star Trek, Darmok & the Picard Principle of Intercultural Com [VID] (W7-P1) Fa16

This is a clip that I edited and posted on YouTube. I use this clip in my Intercultural Communication course to introduce students to issues of language differences in intercultural situations. 

The video is set in the far future and far off into space, but does this situation seem familiar to you in any way?

The “Picard Principle” of Intercultural Communication:

In the clip Picard says “Communication is a matter of patience [and] imagination.”

During the video answer the following questions:

• Would you face the same experience?  Have you?
• Can you figure out the language?
• What advice would you offer when interacting with people and you both don’t speak the others’ language (in short, lessons learned?)?

The crew of the Enterprise encounter a "strange" alien race and have difficulty in communicating.



Captain Picard is kidnapped and brought to the planet.



How to solve this intercultural communication problem?



The “Picard Principle” of Intercultural Communication:
In the clip Picard says “Communication is a matter of patience [and] imagination.”

What does that phrase mean? Is it true?

If you are curious, do a Google search on "Darmok Dictionary"
You may also want to see the full episode of Darmok.


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HistMedia: Media Tech (-1899): Timeline (W3-P2) Fa15

If the timeline is not showing above for you, the Media Tech (-1899) timeline can be also be found at this link.

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InterculturalCom: Effective Intercultural Com: Stereotypes and Ethnocentrism (U9-P4) Fa13

If you were looking for clip art for "Native Americans" and all that you found were images like the top two images above, would this be an example of stereotyping?  How?  Use the definition.   How does the bottom image break the stereotype?  What exactly is the stereotype?

How do you tear down this brick?

Ask me about "Zhong Guo."

Watch the following images.

What was your reaction to the images?  What does your reaction have to do with ethnocentrism?  Anything?

How do you "tear down" this brick?

Share this post with others. See the Twitter, Facebook and other buttons below.
Please follow, add, friend or subscribe to help support this blog.
See more about me at my web site WilliamHartPhD.com.

InterculturalCom: Effective Intercultural Com: Discrimination, Prejudice and Racism (U9-P3) Fa14

How do you tear down this brick?

How do you tear down this brick?

Note that there are two definitions of racism given here.

Notice any connection between racism and prejudice as previously defined?

Also, what is the differences among racism, prejudice and discrimination?  They are related terms, but they are not the same thing.

Share this post with others. See the Twitter, Facebook and other buttons below.
Please follow, add, friend or subscribe to help support this blog.
See more about me at my web site WilliamHartPhD.com.

InterculturalCom: Effective Intercultural Com: Intercultural Communication Model (U9-P2) Fa14

Recall the Intercultural Communication Model?

There is a brick wall between us and effective intercultural communication. 
What are the names of the bricks in this wall?  What specifically stops us from getting to effective intercultural communication?

---

Before moving on to anxiety and uncertainty (Brick #3), I should point out that we've already covered Bricks 1 and 2.

What are they?  What are thing we've already covered that lead to difficulty in intercultural situations?

They are difference in language (Brick #1) and differences in nonverbal communication (Brick #2).

Before moving to the next bricks, one last question: How do you tear down this part of the wall, how do you fix differences in language and nonverbal communication?

And now, anxiety and uncertainty.

How does uncertainty lead to anxiety?  Got an example?

How do you "tear down" these brick?   Which one would you fix first and once you fixed it would you have the second problem?

How do you "tear down" this brick?  How do you fix this possible problem?

Share this post with others. See the Twitter, Facebook and other buttons below.
Please follow, add, friend or subscribe to help support this blog.
See more about me at my web site WilliamHartPhD.com.

InterculturalCom: Effective Intercultural Communication (U9-P1) Fa14

I use to call this lecture unit "Dealing with Difference." 
However, now I've switched to calling it "Effective Intercultural Communication."

See any reason why I changed it?  Does "Dealing with Difference" imply anything?  A negative connotation?

Whatever you call it, in intercultural situations, how do we deal with or become more effective?

One place to start is to have a clear sense of exactly what is causing an intercultural misunderstanding.  Is it a language thing?  Is it prejudice?  What exactly is causing the intercultural ineffectiveness?  If we understand where exactly the problem is, then we can move on to hopefully fixing the problem.  

---

However, before we look specifically at intercultural communication, let's address some basic skills that should be in all types of interpersonal communication.

Even before developing effective intercultural communication skills, we need to learn and practice the basic interpersonal skills below.  These are fundamental.

Some Basic Interpersonal Skills Helpful in ICC

Core Skills

• Positiveness: Expression of positive attitudes toward self and others.
• Other-Orientation: Attentiveness, interest, and concern for others.
• Empathy: Feeling as the other feels.

Meta Skills

• Mindfulness: Being consciously aware of the above skills and carefully monitoring them.
• Metacommunication: Being aware of what is happening in the communication. Being able to think and talk about the talk.

Now, with some basic interpersonal skills out of the way, let's return to intercultural communication.  To get a better understanding of intercultural communication effectiveness, it would be helpful to have a model that helps us spot where the potential problems that may arise in intercultural encounters.



Share this post with others. See the Twitter, Facebook and other buttons below.
Please follow, add, friend or subscribe to help support this blog.
See more about me at my web site WilliamHartPhD.com.

InterculturalCom: Cultural Identity and The Debut: Minority Identity Development (U6-P2) Fa14

The stages of minority identify development are illustrated well in the film, The Debut.

The stages are as below.

Note: Click on images to see a larger version.

Source: Intercultural Communication in Contexts by Martin and Nakayama



Share this post with others. See the Twitter, Facebook and other buttons below.
Please follow, add, friend or subscribe to help support this blog.
See more about me at my web site WilliamHartPhD.com.

InterculturalCom: Cultural Identity and The Debut (U6-P1) Fa14

The concepts of cultural identity and cultural identity development are illustrated well in the film, The Debut.

Besides helping us to understand cultural identity, the film also allows us to learn about some Filipino culture.

Here are some Filipino cultural literacy to learn from the film.

• Tagalog: a key language of the Philippines  
• Barkada: peer group
• Oo: yes
• Singkil: "the stick dance"

Collectivism/Individualism Through Dance 
See this video I posted on YouTube.  How does it relate to the film?


The above clip is from I'm Normal, You're Weird! Understanding Other Cultures. This was an excellent teaching resource.  I wish that it was released in some form on DVD.


The film also shows some Filipino values:

• Family/Group (Authority)
• Food
• Education/Success

Lastly the film gives a sense of the Filipino "Time Orientation," how time is used.



Share this post with others. See the Twitter, Facebook and other buttons below.
Please follow, add, friend or subscribe to help support this blog.
See more about me at my web site WilliamHartPhD.com.

InterculturalCom: Language & Culture: Linguistic Discrimination (U5-P4) [VID] Fa14

What is linguistic discrimination?

"HUD Fair Housing Public Service Announcement"



"Linguistic Discrimination in School: African American English"
Note: The audio is a little out of sync on this YouTube video, but the content is informative.




Share this post with others. See the Twitter, Facebook and other buttons below.
Please follow, add, friend or subscribe to help support this blog.
See more about me at my web site WilliamHartPhD.com.

InterculturalCom: Language & Culture: Cultural Literacy (U5-P3) [VID] Fa14

This is a clip that I edited and posted on YouTube. I use this clip in my Intercultural Communication course to introduce students to the idea of cultural literacy and the role it plays in intercultural communication. 





E.D. Hirsch: education scholar who proposed the idea of cultural literacy. The idea was first introduced in the book Cultural Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know.

Cultural Literacy: All U.S. American students should have a commonly shared set of knowledge.

Rationale: Better communication and thus better relations. 

• People w/o a shared cultural literacy have less effective communication. (Heterophily).
• People w/ a shared cultural literacy more effective, efficient communication. (Homophily)

Additional rationale: Many business leaders find young graduates lack good communication skills.


Examples of Things All Americans Should Know 

• 1492 
• 1776 
• Achilles
• Adam & Eve
• Adams, John
• Aesop's Fables
• Ahab, Captain
• Alamo
• Alcott, Louisa May
• Ali, Muhammad Allah
• Allen, Woody
• All roads lead to Rome

This is a somewhat representative sample of his list of 500+.


Video: Billy Joel - We Didn't Start the Fire - lyrics. 


You may also want to see the official music video for the song.

What does this have to do with intercultural communication?
Your task: You are in China and have to teach
An American Culture/English Language class. What would you do?



Share this post with others. See the Twitter, Facebook and other buttons below.
Please follow, add, friend or subscribe to help support this blog.
See more about me at my web site WilliamHartPhD.com.