What is culture?
There are hundreds of definitions of culture in the literature.
Let's use this one:
Culture is a set of shared knowledge that influences a particular group of people’s behavior (Hart).
Metaphors of Culture
- Hofstede's Computer Metaphor:
- Culture is the software of the mind.
- We are programmed by our experiences. We are taught our culture.
- Hofstede's Game Metaphor:
- Culture is "the unwritten rules of the social game."
- The Iceberg Metaphor of Culture
- Above the waterline—what we can see; behaviors that are visible.
- Below the waterline—what we cannot see; values and beliefs that are not visible.
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